The Constitution is more than just a set of laws in a country as diverse and dynamic as India; it is the foundation of its identity, goals, and cohesion. The Constitution was drafted by visionary leaders who were acutely aware of India’s complexity. It represents a promise of justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity for all of its residents as well as a framework for governance.
This month marks a particularly poignant moment in India’s constitutional history: the 75th anniversary of the adoption of the draft Constitution by the Constituent Assembly on November 26, 1949. To commemorate this occasion, the Union government has announced a special joint sitting of Parliament. Such events are bound to feature many self-congratulatory speeches from across the political spectrum, celebrating the resilience of the Constitution and its impact on India’s progress.
But amid these speeches, it is worth reflecting on the words of the Constitution’s principal draftsman, Dr B.R. Ambedkar, delivered on November 25, 1949, on the eve of its adoption. In his magisterial summation of the Drafting Committee’s work, Dr Ambedkar offered a sobering reminder: “However good a Constitution may be, it is sure to turn out bad because those who are called to work it, happen to be a bad lot. However bad a Constitution may be, it may turn out to be good if those who are called to work it, happen to be a good lot.”
These words should not only inspire us but also haunt us. They underline a crucial truth: the success of the Constitution depends not on its written provisions but on the integrity, vision, and commitment of those entrusted with implementing it. This reminder remains as relevant today as it was 75 years ago.
A Foundation for Democracy
Every citizen’s voice counts because the Indian Constitution upholds the values of democracy, secularism, and the rule of law. Its establishment of a parliamentary system demonstrates the nation’s dedication to democratic governance. Even though India’s democracy has strengthened over the years, instances of political divisiveness, disinformation, and institutional stress serve as a reminder that we must revisit the fundamental principles outlined in the Constitution.
It calls upon leaders and citizens to uphold democratic processes, ensuring that the power of governance is exercised responsibly and inclusively. By adhering to these principles, India can safeguard its democratic integrity and inspire future generations.
A Vision for Social Justice
One of the most profound aspects of the Constitution is its dedication to social justice. It recognises the historical inequalities and injustices faced by marginalised communities and provides for affirmative action to create a level playing field. Laws promoting gender equality, reservations for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Classes, and protections for minorities are rooted in its commitment to fairness and inclusivity.
Adapting to Modern Challenges
The framers of the Constitution demonstrated remarkable foresight by creating a document that could evolve with the times. Amendments, judicial interpretations, and the active role of civil society have ensured its relevance in addressing modern challenges. From the right to privacy to environmental protection, the Constitution has been the foundation for progressive changes that resonate with contemporary concerns.
Citizens as Custodians
Ultimately, the Constitution thrives not only in institutions but also in the hearts and actions of its people. Every citizen is a custodian of its values, tasked with upholding its vision for justice, liberty, and equality. Democracy, as Dr Ambedkar reminded us, relies on those who work the Constitution—whether lawmakers, judges, or ordinary citizens—to act with integrity and a sense of duty.
Conclusion
As India strides forward, the Constitution offers a timeless reminder of what the nation stands for and what it aspires to achieve. Let it continue to guide our path, ensuring that progress does not come at the cost of justice, and unity prevails over division.
By drawing strength from the Constitution, India can navigate the complexities of the present while building a future that honours its founding ideals. It is not just a document; it is a shared vision of a just, equitable, and harmonious society—one that inspires every citizen to play their part in shaping the nation’s destiny.
